Add Wortschatz & Grammatik A1 Abschnitt M (Präpositionen)
wohin?/wo?/woher? three-way preposition system, direction-giving, time prepositions, mixed Akkusativ/Dativ prepositions, and country articles (pp. 89-93). Extends Menschen L8/L10/L11/L12; flags the Akkusativ/Dativ preposition-case system as new. Co-Authored-By: Claude Sonnet 5 <noreply@anthropic.com>
This commit is contained in:
Claude Sonnet 5
@@ -29,6 +29,7 @@ inside each Abschnitt file instead.
|
||||
| J | [Nomen und Artikel](wortschatz-grammatik-a1/abschnitt-j.md) | 79–84 | L2, L3, L5, L6 (Possessivartikel case declension new) | done |
|
||||
| K | [Adjektive](wortschatz-grammatik-a1/abschnitt-k.md) | 85–86 | L4 (Komparativ/Superlativ of gut/viel/gern new) | done |
|
||||
| L | [Pronomen](wortschatz-grammatik-a1/abschnitt-l.md) | 87–88 | L6 (Dativ pronouns, Demonstrativpronomen new) | done |
|
||||
| M | [Präpositionen](wortschatz-grammatik-a1/abschnitt-m.md) | 89–93 | L8, L10, L11, L12 (wohin/wo/woher system, Akk./Dat. prepositions new) | done |
|
||||
|
||||
## Hören & Sprechen A1 (`hoeren-sprechen-a1/`)
|
||||
|
||||
|
||||
@@ -0,0 +1,144 @@
|
||||
# Wortschatz & Grammatik A1 — Abschnitt M: Präpositionen
|
||||
|
||||
Seiten 89–93 (Teil 2 Grammatik) · Lösungen S. 114 · Übungen M1–M5
|
||||
|
||||
## Overview
|
||||
|
||||
- Skill focus: Grammatik (wohin?/wo?/woher? prepositions, direction-
|
||||
giving prepositions, time prepositions, general dative/accusative
|
||||
prepositions, country prepositions)
|
||||
- Topic: going to/being at/coming from places, giving street directions,
|
||||
vacation planning with time expressions, general-purpose prepositions
|
||||
(für, gegen, ohne, mit, seit, von, um, bei, aus), country names with/
|
||||
without articles
|
||||
- Relates to *Menschen* Lektion(en): **L10** (nach/in die/in den —
|
||||
M1/M5 substantially extend this to a full system), **L8** (am/um for
|
||||
time — M3 extends this to a fuller time-preposition system),
|
||||
**L11/L12** (von...bis, ab, im + Monat — M3 reinforces and extends).
|
||||
**New beyond Menschen A1.1**: **M1's full wohin?/wo?/woher? three-way
|
||||
system** (zu/in vs. bei/in vs. von/aus, each contracted with the
|
||||
article) is more systematic than Menschen's scattered treatment;
|
||||
**M4's Akkusativ/Dativ prepositions (für, gegen, ohne, mit, seit, um,
|
||||
bei, von)** as a deliberately mixed set is new — Menschen A1.1 doesn't
|
||||
teach preposition case-government explicitly.
|
||||
|
||||
## Grammar covered
|
||||
|
||||
### M1: wohin? / wo? / woher? — three-way system, extends Menschen L10
|
||||
|
||||
| Frage | Präposition (Beispiel) | Kontraktion |
|
||||
|---|---|---|
|
||||
| **wohin?** (movement toward) | zu + Dativ / in + Akkusativ | zu dem → zum; zu der → zur; in das → ins |
|
||||
| **wo?** (static location) | bei + Dativ / in + Dativ | bei dem → beim; in dem → im |
|
||||
| **woher?** (origin) | von + Dativ / aus + Dativ | von dem → vom |
|
||||
|
||||
Examples: Ich gehe **zum** Arzt. / Ich bin **beim** Arzt. / Ich komme
|
||||
**vom** Arzt. Same three-way pattern applies to Einkaufen, Büro,
|
||||
Bäckerei, Anna, Schwimmbad, Berge, zu Hause, Friseur, Eltern, München,
|
||||
Thomas, Theater, Oper, Österreich — each with its own correct
|
||||
preposition/article choice (people and named places use zu/bei/von;
|
||||
enclosed spaces use in/in/aus; "nach Hause" is a fixed exception to zu).
|
||||
|
||||
**Tipp — Kontraktionen**: zu+dem=zum, von+dem=vom, in+dem=im, an+dem=am,
|
||||
bei+dem=beim, in+das=ins.
|
||||
|
||||
**Tipp — Vorsicht**: "Ich gehe" normally implies on foot. Exception:
|
||||
"Ich gehe nach Österreich" can mean "I'm moving to Austria long-term,"
|
||||
not literally walking there.
|
||||
|
||||
### M2: Wegbeschreibung — direction-giving prepositions
|
||||
bis zum/zur, über die, am, zum, nach, in die, auf der — practiced in two
|
||||
full direction-giving dialogues (reinforces the vocabulary from
|
||||
Abschnitt E's E3, adds prepositional precision).
|
||||
|
||||
### M3: Zeitpräpositionen — extends Menschen L8/L11/L12
|
||||
am (day/date: am 10. August), um (clock time: um 13:00 Uhr), von...bis
|
||||
(a period: vom 11. bis zum 14. August), für/– (duration, article often
|
||||
optional: für drei Tage / drei Tage), in der (+ Woche: in der zweiten
|
||||
Woche), im (+ year or season: im 2006 → actually "im Jahr 2006" is more
|
||||
formal, but the exercise accepts contextual "–"; im Sommer).
|
||||
|
||||
### M4: Präpositionen mit Akkusativ/Dativ (gemischt) — new, beyond Menschen A1.1
|
||||
| Präposition | Kasus | Bedeutung |
|
||||
|---|---|---|
|
||||
| für | Akkusativ | for |
|
||||
| gegen | Akkusativ | against/into (collision) |
|
||||
| ohne | Akkusativ | without |
|
||||
| mit | Dativ | with |
|
||||
| seit | Dativ | since (time) |
|
||||
| von | Dativ | from |
|
||||
| um | Akkusativ | at (time) / around |
|
||||
| bei | Dativ | at (someone's place) |
|
||||
| aus | Dativ | from/out of |
|
||||
|
||||
This is the first place in the book that presents Akkusativ- and Dativ-
|
||||
governing prepositions side by side as a system to memorize — Menschen
|
||||
A1.1 never frames prepositions this way.
|
||||
|
||||
### M5: Länder mit/ohne Artikel — extends Abschnitt A and Menschen L10
|
||||
Reinforces: most countries take **no article** + nach (nach Ägypten,
|
||||
nach Marokko); a minority take an article + in (die Türkei → aus der
|
||||
Türkei/in der Türkei; die Schweiz → in der Schweiz; die USA (Pl) → in
|
||||
die USA; der Iran → in den Iran; die Vereinigten Arabischen Emirate (Pl),
|
||||
die Niederlande (Pl), die Ukraine, die Tschechische Republik → all take
|
||||
an article).
|
||||
|
||||
## Exercise summary
|
||||
|
||||
1. **M1 Alles eine Frage der Perspektive** — complete a 15-row
|
||||
wohin?/wo?/woher? table with the correct preposition+article for each
|
||||
destination/location.
|
||||
2. **M2 Die richtige Richtung** — complete two direction-giving
|
||||
dialogues with prepositions.
|
||||
3. **M3 Urlaubspläne** — complete 13 sentences about vacation planning
|
||||
with the correct time preposition.
|
||||
4. **M4 Blumen für meine Frau** — complete 6 everyday dialogues with
|
||||
general-purpose Akkusativ/Dativ prepositions.
|
||||
5. **M5 Internationales** — complete a 5-paragraph text about an
|
||||
international family's origins and travels with country prepositions
|
||||
+ articles.
|
||||
|
||||
## Answer key highlights
|
||||
|
||||
- M1 (selected): zum Arzt/beim Arzt/vom Arzt; ins Büro/im Büro/aus dem
|
||||
(vom) Büro; in die/zur Bäckerei/in der Bäckerei/aus der (von der)
|
||||
Bäckerei; nach Hause/zu Hause/von zu Hause; nach München/in
|
||||
München/von (aus) München. Full 15-row table in the source PDF at
|
||||
p. 114 if needed.
|
||||
- M2: zum; bis zum; Am; nach; in die; Am; über die; am; bis zur; nach;
|
||||
bis zum; auf der; am; nach; auf der.
|
||||
- M3: am; für/–; vom…bis zum; um; –; um; In der; –; Am; für/–; im; Im;
|
||||
–; –.
|
||||
- M4: für; gegen; ohne; mit; um; aus; bei; für; Von; seit; für.
|
||||
- M5: aus der Türkei; in Deutschland; in die USA / aus Frankreich; in
|
||||
der Schweiz; nach Frankreich; in der Bundesrepublik / aus den
|
||||
Vereinigten Arabischen Emiraten; aus Großbritannien; in England; in
|
||||
den Iran; in Indien; nach Österreich / in vielen Ländern; in Schweden
|
||||
und (in) Norwegen; in den Niederlanden; in Spanien und (in) Italien;
|
||||
in der Ukraine und (in) der Tschechischen Republik; in Russland /
|
||||
nach Ägypten und (nach) Marokko; in einige südamerikanische Länder;
|
||||
nach Chile, (nach) Peru, (nach) Brasilien, (nach) Argentinien.
|
||||
|
||||
## Notes / gotchas
|
||||
|
||||
- **M1's three-column system (wohin?/wo?/woher?) is the single most
|
||||
useful grammar upgrade in this section** — it formalizes something
|
||||
Menschen A1.1 only teaches piecemeal (nach/in die/in den for
|
||||
destinations in L10, but never systematically contrasts it with "where
|
||||
are you" or "where are you from"). Worth explicitly teaching this
|
||||
3-column framework to the student as a standing mental model.
|
||||
- **M4's Akkusativ/Dativ preposition list is new grammar** — present as
|
||||
a vocabulary/pattern list to memorize (a common teaching approach:
|
||||
"für/gegen/ohne/um take Akkusativ; mit/seit/von/bei/aus take Dativ" as
|
||||
two short memorizable groups) rather than something the student should
|
||||
already know from Menschen.
|
||||
- **M3's "im 2006" in the exercise is colloquial shorthand** for "im
|
||||
Jahr 2006" — formally one says "im Jahr 2006" but everyday speech often
|
||||
drops "Jahr." Worth flagging so the student isn't confused when they
|
||||
hear both forms.
|
||||
- **Country articles (M5) is a recurring theme across this book**
|
||||
(already touched in Abschnitt A) — by this point the student has now
|
||||
seen the die-Schweiz/die-Türkei/der-Iran/plural-countries pattern
|
||||
enough times that it's worth confirming they've internalized the short
|
||||
list of "countries with an article" rather than re-teaching it from
|
||||
scratch each time.
|
||||
Reference in New Issue
Block a user